① Bed: Used to fix and support the various components of the milling machine. The top surface has horizontal guide rails for the movement of the crossbeam. The front wall has dovetail-shaped vertical guide rails for the vertical movement of the lifting table. Internally, it houses the main motor, spindle speed change mechanism, spindle, electrical equipment, and lubrication pump, etc.
② Crossbeam: One end is equipped with a hanger to support the tool holder, reducing its bending and vibration. The crossbeam can move along the horizontal guide rails of the bed; its extension length is adjusted by the length of the tool holder.
③ Spindle: Used to mount the tool holder and drive the milling cutter to rotate. The spindle is a hollow shaft with a 7:24 precision tapered hole at the front end, its function being to mount the milling cutter shank taper.
④ Longitudinal Table: The longitudinal table is driven by a longitudinal lead screw to move longitudinally along the guide rails of the rotary table, thus feeding the workpiece longitudinally onto the table surface. The T-slots on the table are used to mount fixtures or workpieces;
⑤ Transverse Table: The transverse table is located on the horizontal guide rails above the lifting table and can drive the longitudinal table for transverse feed;
⑥ Rotary Table: The rotary table can rotate the longitudinal table at a certain angle in the horizontal plane (0-45° in both directions) for milling spiral grooves, etc. A horizontal milling machine with a rotary table is called a horizontal universal milling machine;
⑦ Lifting Table: The lifting table can move the entire worktable up and down along the vertical guide rails of the bed to adjust the distance between the workpiece and the milling cutter and the vertical feed;
⑧ Base: The base supports the bed and the lifting table and contains cutting fluid;